Brest State University, the chair of physical geography and preserving the Nature

Nikolay Mikhalchuk

In the article the state of area types of woods in particular oak groves is analyzed which can be found within the bounds of the salt-marsh-carbonate-land improvement-complex landscape in Byelorussian Woodlands in general and in Brest Woodlands specifically.

It is known that the geo-hydro-chemical background of the territory is defined by combinations of calcium. Under the influence of these combinations there is a differentiation of the soil and vegetable soil i.e. on the hilly territory among peat low place there are turf carbonate, turf weak gley carbonate, and turf gley soils which are favorable for Quercetum urticosum and Quercetum aegopodiosum correspondingly.

After the land improvement period as a result of drying of the soil and increasing of the process of carbonate-calcium salting of the soil levels the structural rebuilding of insular wood phytonkoins is observed. Having studied the age dynamic of the structure of the population of the indicating species Cypripedium calceolus L. it is exposed that it sometimes reflects the stressed development of the insular phytonkoins.

It is revealed either in total disappearing of trees and as a result of strong growing of under wood such as Corylus avellana L. and Cornus sanguinea L. characterized by very poor vegetable top soil or digression of trees characterized by poor development of under wood and quick increasing of grass plants among which less water dependable plants are prevailed.

It is suggested to include the insular woods (there are rare and disappearing species, which are highly protected and which have surroundings formation and informational function) in planned system of botanic monuments of the nature.

As a long lasting perspective all insular woods in agro landscapes are to be connected by a migration corridor in the shape of field defending forest stripes, by belts of vegetation along rivers, brooks, and canals into one common system, securing the nature-anthropogenesis balance in the region.